Особенности механизмов NO-опосредованной дилатации пиальных артерий на воздействие ацетилхолина у стареющих крыс

Авторы

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2022-3-3-367-377

Ключевые слова:

старение, эндотелиальная дисфункция, пиальные сосуды, NO-опосредованная дилатация, синтазы оксида азота

Аннотация

Изучали возрастные изменения роли NO, синтезируемого различными формами синтаз оксида азота (NOS), и экзогенного L-аргинина в ацетилхолин-опосредованной дилатации сосудов головного мозга у крыс. С использованием метода прижизненной микрофотосъемки проведена сравнительная оценка реакций пиальных артерий различных диаметров на воздействие ацетилхолин хлорида (АХ, 10–7 М, 8 мин) в отсутствии и на фоне блокады NOS и воздействия экзогенного L-аргинина (0,25 мМ, 30 мин) у крыс Sprague-Dawley в возрасте 4 и 18 месяцев. Блокаду NOS производили путем применения неселективного ингибитора NOS (L-NAME, 10–3 М, 12 мин) и ингибитора индуцибельной NOS (аминогуанидин, 1 мМ, 10 мин). Оценивали изменение числа и степени дилатации артерий, измеряя ширину потока эритроцитов в трех отдельных группах артерий: мелких (диаметр менее 20 мкм), средних (20–40 мкм) и крупных (более 40 мкм). Установлено, что к 18 месяцам у крыс снижается роль NO, синтезируемого конститутивными формами NOS, в осуществлении АХ-опосредованных эндотелий-зависимых дилататорных реакций пиальных артерий мелких и средних диаметров и усиливается роль данного механизма в дилатации крупных пиальных артерий. Одновременно повышается роль индуцибельной NOS в дилатации артерий всех исследованных диаметров. Эти процессы сопровождаются снижением биодоступности экзогенного L-аргинина для NOS.

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Опубликован

30.11.2022

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Экспериментальные статьи