Physiology returns to the centre of biology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2023-4-1-8-17Ключевые слова:
physiology of evolution, Electro-Transcription coupling, jumping genes, DNA replication and repair, Central Dogma, Weismann Barrier, trans-generational inheritanceАннотация
The Neo-Darwinist Modern Synthesis of evolutionary biology mistakenly relied on Crick`s Central Dogma of molecular biology as excluding any control of genome sequences by organisms. The mistake can be unraveled by considering how DNA is replicated. The most important part of that process is open to control by organisms. The reason is that only a small part of the process can be attributed to a mechanism of replication “like a crystal”, as proposed by the Selfish Gene theory. The larger part is attributable to extensive proof-correction by cut and paste enzymes that are coordinated by the living cell. That process reduces the error rate of replication from 1 to 104 nucleotides to 1 in 1010, which is a million-fold increase in accuracy. There is therefore no replicator separate from its vehicle, the living cell. That error rate is under control by organisms. The mechanisms by which Electro-Transcription (ET) coupling is achieved have now been identified. Similar mechanisms must exist for Electro-Gene-engineering (EG) coupling. Such mechanisms change the fundamentals of biology.
Библиографические ссылки
Allis, C. D., Caparros, M.-L., Jenuwein, T., Reinberg, D. (eds.). (2015) Epigenetics. 2nd ed. London: CSH Press, 984 p. (In English)
Crick, F. H. C. (1958) On protein synthesis. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, vol. 12, pp. 138–163. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13580867 (In English)
Crick, F. H. C. (1970) Central dogma of molecular biology. Nature, vol. 227, no. 5258, pp. 561–563. https://doi.org/10.1038/227561a0 (In English)
Dawkins, R. (1976) The Selfish Gene. New York: Oxford University Press, 224 p. (In English)
Dawkins, R. (2016) The Selfish Gene: 40th anniversary edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 544 p. (In English)
Denis Noble. The music of life. (2022) [Online]. Available at: www.denisnoble.com (accessed 07.12.2022). (In English)
Gould, S. J. (2002) The Structure of evolutionary theory. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 1464 p. (In English)
Hanson, M. A., Gluckman, P. (2014) Early developmental conditioning of later health and disease: Physiology or pathophysiology? Physiological Reviews, vol. 94, no. 4, pp. 1027–1076. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00029.2013 (In English)
Hanson, M. A., Skinner, M. (2016) Developmental origins of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. Environmental Epigenetics, vol. 2, no. 1, article dvw002. https://doi.org/10.1093/eep/dvw002 (In English)
Huxley, H., Hanson, J. (1954) Changes in the cross-striations of muscle during contraction and stretch and their structural interpretation. Nature, vol. 173, no. 4412, pp. 973–976. https://doi.org/10.1038/173973a0 (In English)
Huxley, J. (1942) Evolution: The modern synthesis. London: Allen & Unwin Publ., 645 p. (In English)
Huxley, J. (1963) Evolution: The modern synthesis. 2nd ed. London: Allen & Unwin Publ., 684 p. (In English)
Institute of Art and Ideas. (2022) [Online]. Available at: https://iai.tv/video/the-gene-machine (accessed 07.12.2022). (In English)
International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium (2001) Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature, vol. 409, no. 6822, pp. 860–921. https://doi.org/10.1038/35057062 (In English)
Johannsen, W. (1909) Elemente der exakten Erblichkeitslehre [Elements of the exact theory of heredity]. Jena: Gustav Fischer Publ., 515 p. (in German)
Kar, P., Mirams, G. R., Christian, H. C., Parekh, A. B. (2016) Control of NFAT isoform activation and NFAT-dependent gene expression through two coincident and spatially segregated intracellular Ca2+ signals. Molecular Cell, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 746–759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.011 (In English)
Lane, N. (2022) Transformer: The deep chemistry of life and death. London: Profile Books Publ., 400 p. (In English)
Ma, H., Groth, R. D., Cohen, S. M. et al. (2014) gCaMKII shuttles Ca2+/CaM to the nucleus to trigger CREB phosphorylation and gene expression. Cell, vol. 159, no. 2, pp. 281–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.019 (In English)
McClintock, B. (1953) Induction of instability at selected loci in maize. Genetics, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 579–599. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/38.6.579 (In English)
McClintock, B. (1984) The significance of responses of the genome to challenge. Science, vol. 226, no. 4676, pp. 792–801. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.15739260 (In English)
Noble, D. (2016) Dance to the tune of life: Biological relativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 302 p. (In English)
Noble, D. (2017) Evolution viewed from physics, physiology and medicine. Interface Focus, vol. 7, no. 5, article 20160159. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2016.0159 (In English)
Noble, D. (2018) Central Dogma or Central Debate. Physiology, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 246–249. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00017.2018 (In English)
Noble, D. (2019) Exosomes, gemmules, pangenesis and Darwin. In: L. Edelstein, J. R. Smithies, P. J. Quesenberry, D. Noble (eds.). Exosomes: A clinical compendium. London: Academic Press, pp. 487–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816053-4.00021-3 (In English)
Noble, D. (2021) The illusions of the modern synthesis. Biosemiotics, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 5–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12304-021-09405-3 (In English)
Noble, D. (2022a) Modern physiology vindicates Darwin’s dream. Experimental Physiology, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 1015–1028. https://doi.org/10.1113/EP090133 (In English)
Noble, D. (2022b) How the Hodgkin cycle became the principle of biological relativity. Journal of Physiology, vol. 600, no. 24, pp. 5171–5177. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP283193 (In English)
Noble, D. (2022c) The fight for the future of biology: the broken paradigm of Neo-Darwinism. IAI News. [Online]. Available at: https://iai.tv/articles/denis-noble-the-broken-paradigm-of-neo-darwinism-auid-2210 (accessed 04.08.2022). (In English)
Noble, R., Noble, D. (2022) Physiology restores purpose to evolutionary biology. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, article blac049. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blac049 (In English)
Noble, R., Noble, D. (2023a) Understanding living systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Online]. Available at: https://www.denisnoble.com/livingsystems/ (accessed 01.02.2023). (In English)
Noble, D., Noble, J. (2023b) How purposive agency became banned from evolutionary biology. In: P. A. Corning, S. A. Kauffman, D. Noble et al. (eds.). Evolution “On Purpose”: Teleonomy in living systems. Cambridge: MIT Press, pp. 221–236. (In English)
Odegard, V. H., Schatz, D. G. (2006) Targeting of somatic hypermutation. Nature Reviews Immunology, vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 573–583. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri1896 (In English)
Preston, B. D., Albertson, T. M., Herr, A. J. (2010) DNA replication fidelity and cancer. Seminars in Cancer Biology, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 281–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.10.009 (In English)
Rennie, J. (1991) Proofreading genes. Scientific American, vol. 264, no. 5, pp. 28–32. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0591-28 (In English)
Shapiro, J. A. (2011) Evolution: A view from the 21st Century. Upper Saddle River: FT Press, 239 p. (In English)
Shapiro, J. A. (2013) How life changes itself: the read-write (RW) genome. Physics of Life Reviews, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 287–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2013.07.001 (In English)
Shapiro, J. A. (2022) Evolution: A View from the 21st Century. Fortified. Minneapolis: Cognition Press, 702 p. (In English)
Shapiro, J. A., Noble, D. (2021a) What prevents mainstream evolutionists teaching the whole truth about how genomes evolve? Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 165, pp. 140–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.04.004 (In English)
Shapiro, J. A., Noble, D. (2021b) The value of treating cancer as an evolutionary disease. Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 165, pp. 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.08.010 (In English)
Weismann, A. (1892) Das Keimplasma: eine Theorie der Vererbung [The germinal plasma: A theory of inheritance]. Jena: Gustav Fischer Publ., 628 p. (In German)
Weismann, A. (1893) Die Allmacht der Naturzüchtung: eine Erwiderung an Herbert Spencer [The all-sufficiency of natural selection. A reply to Herbert Spencer]. Jena: Gustav Fischer Publ., 96 p. (In German)
Загрузки
Опубликован
Выпуск
Раздел
Лицензия
Copyright (c) 2023 Denis Noble
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution-NonCommercial» («Атрибуция — Некоммерческое использование») 4.0 Всемирная.
Автор предоставляет материалы на условиях публичной оферты и лицензии CC BY-NC 4.0. Эта лицензия позволяет неограниченному кругу лиц копировать и распространять материал на любом носителе и в любом формате, но с обязательным указанием авторства и только в некоммерческих целях. После публикации все статьи находятся в открытом доступе.
Авторы сохраняют авторские права на статью и могут использовать материалы опубликованной статьи при подготовке других публикаций, а также пользоваться печатными или электронными копиями статьи в научных, образовательных и иных целях. Право на номер журнала как составное произведение принадлежит издателю.
