Ключевая роль кишечной микробиоты и энтероэндокринной системы в теории адекватного питания А. М. Уголева

Авторы

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2026-7-2-195-205

Ключевые слова:

А. М. Уголев, адекватное питание, трофология, кишечная микробиота, мембранное пищеварение, аппетит, кишечные гормоны, пептиды

Аннотация

Последние достижения в области биологических наук стали возможны благодаря многочисленным данным, подтверждающим важную роль кишечной микробиоты в здоровье и развитии заболеваний. Наука о питании особенно выиграла от резкого роста этих знаний вследствие разработки подходов, оказывающих непосредственное воздействие на функцию и состав кишечной микробиоты. В этой статье мы напоминаем, что важность функциональных связей между микробиотой кишечника и питанием была предсказана еще в ранних работах лаборатории Александра Михайловича Уголева в 1960–1980-х гг. Открытие мембранного переваривания и исследования, указывающие на участие кишечных микроорганизмов в процессе пищеварения, а также анализ гормонального воздействия кишечника на пищевое поведение, наряду с другими экспериментальными данными, помогли А. М. Уголеву концептуализировать пищевые связи между клетками и организмами как универсальные трофические элементы, лежащие в основе его теории адекватного питания. В данной работе мы показываем, что центральная идея теории А. М. Уголева включает в себя поддержание трех основных потоков питательных веществ, исходящих из: 1) потребляемой пищи; 2) кишечной микробиоты и 3) энтероэндокринной системы. Оригинальность теории, сформулированной около 40 лет назад, остается актуальной и в современной науке о питании. Поэтому переосмысление работ А. М. Уголева представляется интересным не только в историческом аспекте, но и с точки зрения современной оценки его теории, способствующей интеграции знаний из различных дисциплин в области питания и разработке практических рекомендаций.

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Опубликован

31.08.2026

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