Физиологические и клинические эффекты синтетического аналога АКТГ4–10 семакса и его механизмы действия
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2022-3-2-204-220Ключевые слова:
семакс, пролил-глицил-пролин, ноотропы, нейропротекторы, гастропротективные эффекты, нейротрофические факторы, синактонАннотация
Семакс (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro, MEHFPGP) — синтетический аналог адренокортикотропного гормона 4–10 (АКТГ4–10, Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly, MEHFRWG), обладающий более высокой устойчивостью к действию протеаз, чем его природный аналог. В клинической практике этот пептид применяют в качестве ноотропного и нейропротекторного средства в основном для профилактики и коррекции последствий нарушения мозгового кровообращения. В экспериментах на животных обнаружены позитивные эффекты этого пептида на состояние не только мозга, но и желудка, кишечника, поджелудочной железы, сердца и печени в различных экспериментальных моделях патологии этих органов. Механизмы действия семакса все еще находятся на стадии изучения. Показано, что семакс существенно влияет на экспрессию генов, ассоциированных с процессами иммунного ответа, воспаления, репарации ДНК, нейротрансмиссии, функционирования сосудистой системы, регуляции содержания кальция и нейротрофических факторов в клетках и др. Направленность этих эффектов противодействует нарушению работы генов, которое вызвано такими патологическими факторами, как стресс и ишемия. При деградации семакса в организме могут образовываться фрагменты, обладающие собственной биологической активностью, что может расширить регуляторный потенциал исходной молекулы. Целью настоящего обзора является анализ экспериментальных данных об эффектах и возможных механизмах действия семакса, в том числе выходящих за рамки его традиционного применения в медицинской практике.
Библиографические ссылки
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