Обзор отечественных и мировых подходов к пониманию механизмов реализации эффектов транскраниальной стимуляции постоянным током
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2026-7-1-77-88Ключевые слова:
транскраниальная стимуляция постоянным током, микрополяризация, модуляция активности нейронов, потенциирование мембраны нейронов, нейромодуляция, эффект поляризацииАннотация
Понимание механизмов модуляции центральной нервной системы с помощью процедур транскраниальной электрической стимуляции является важной задачей современной физиологии и психофизиологии. Среди конкретных методов неинвазивной стимуляции транскраниальная стимуляция постоянным током (tDCS) вызывает неуклонно растущий интерес ученых, клиницистов и общественность в связи с расширяющимся использованием в качестве инструмента в фундаментальных и прикладных исследованиях, а также клинических испытаниях. Масштаб и широта исследований с применением процедур tDCS требуют тщательного рассмотрения механизмов, а именно физиологических изменений, вызванных стимуляцией. Это необходимо в том числе для лучшего понимания его применения в качестве инструмента исследования или лечения. Использование сведений о механизмах наблюдаемых эффектов tDCS поможет разработать оптимальные протоколы стимуляции, что приведет к улучшению результатов применения метода, а также к росту доверия к его клиническому использованию. В данной статье рассматриваются основы метода модуляции нейрональной активности посредством транскраниальной стимуляции постоянным током. В обзоре собраны сведения из отечественных и зарубежных исследований о механизмах реализации эффектов транскраниальной стимуляции постоянным током с добавлением сведений последних пяти лет.
Библиографические ссылки
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