Management of the functional state of athletes’ body based on EEG parameters
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2026-7-1-146-156Keywords:
neurobiocontrol, meditation, concentration, functional state, characteristics of psychoemotional state, heart rate variability, athletesAbstract
A group of team-sport athletes underwent functional biofeedback training based on EEG parameters (in meditation and concentration) according to a proposed protocol, using the NeuroPlay-6C Biological Signal Recording System. A total of eight biofeedback sessions were conducted. For the first three days, participants practiced meditation exclusively, with the option to select the difficulty level. From the fourth day onward, the training alternated between meditation and concentration exercises. Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured before and after each session. The Freiburg Personality Inventory (FPI) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were used to assess a range of psychological traits. Changes in the participants’ functional state were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the biofeedback protocol. The HRV data exhibited optimized cardiovascular regulation and reduced stress levels. The extent of these changes was related to the initial state and showed marked individual variation. Changes in psycho-emotional status, as measured by the FPI and Eysenck questionnaires, indicated that the biofeedback training led to improvements in personality traits relevant to athletic performance — specifically, reduced anxiety, stress, and manifestations of uncontrolled aggression. The participants’ abilities in meditation and concentration also improved.
References
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
Королёв, А. Д., Петрова, В. В., Шандала, А. М. и др. (2017) Использование технологий биоуправления в спортивной психологии (обзор литературы). Медицинская наука и образование Урала, т. 18, № 3 (91), с. 69–76.
Лунина, Н. В., Корягина, Ю. В., Нопина, В. С. и др. (2024) Влияние нейробиоуправления по β-ритму головного мозга на характеристики внимания у спортсменов с разной тренировочной направленностью. Вопросы курортологии, физиотерапии и лечебной физической культуры, т. 101, № 6–2, с. 20–25. https://doi.org/10.17116/kurort202410106220
Митин, И. Н., Разумец, Е. И., Середа, А. П. и др. (2018) Развитие навыка саморегуляции у спортсменов сборных команд России методом БОС-технологий. Методические рекомендации. М.: Изд-во Федерального медико-биологического агентства, 65 с.
Моисеенко, В. А. (2020) Применение БОС в спорте. Вопросы устойчивого развития общества, № 9, с. 507–511. https://doi.org/10.34755/IROK.2020.40.84.071
Морозов, О. С. (2024) Развитие навыка саморегуляции у спортсменов высокой квалификации. Ученые записки университета имени П. Ф. Лесгафта, № 7 (233), с. 134–139.
Сентябрев, Н. Н., Ушакова, И. А., Камчатников, А. Г., Яковлев, А. С. (2025) Методические аспекты использования эфирных масел в подготовке юных спортсменов. Физическая культура, спорт — наука и практика, № 1, с. 101–105.
Шлык, Н. И. (2022) Вариабельность сердечного ритма и методы ее определения у спортсменов в тренировочном процессе. Ижевск: Изд-во Удмуртского государственного университета, 80 с.
Шлык, Н. И., Зуфарова, Э. И. (2013) Нормативы показателей вариабельности сердечного ритма у исследуемых 16–21 года с разными преобладающими типами вегетативной регуляции. Вестник Удмуртского университета. Серия «Биология. Науки о Земле», № 4, с. 96–105.
Blankertz, B., Sannelli, C., Halder, S. et al. (2010) Neurophysiological predictor of SMR-based BCI performance. NeuroImage, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1303–1309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.03.022
Cheng, M. Y., Yu, C. L., An, X. et al. (2024) Evaluating EEG neurofeedback in sport psychology: a systematic review of RCT studies for insights into mechanisms and performance improvement. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, article 1331997. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1331997
Domingos, C., Peralta, M., Prazeres, P. et al. (2021) Session frequency matters in neurofeedback training of athletes. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, vol. 46, pp. 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-021-09505-3
Mirifar, A., Beckmann, J., Ehrlenspiel, F. (2017) Neurofeedback as supplementary training for optimizing athletes’ performance: A systematic review with implications for future research. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol. 75, pp. 419–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.005
Proietti, G., Borozan, M., Chaigneau, A. et al. (2024) Self-regulation training improves stress resilience in elite pre-pubescent female gymnasts. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, article 1341437. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1341437
Rydzik, Ł, Wąsacz, W, Ambroży, T. et al. (2023) The use of neurofeedback in sports training: Systematic review. Brain Sciences, vol. 13, no. 4, article 660. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13040660
REFERENCES
Blankertz, B., Sannelli, C., Halder, S. et al. (2010) Neurophysiological predictor of SMR-based BCI performance. NeuroImage, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1303–1309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.03.022 (In English)
Cheng, M. Y., Yu, C. L., An, X. et al. (2024) Evaluating EEG neurofeedback in sport psychology: a systematic review of RCT studies for insights into mechanisms and performance improvement. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, article 1331997. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1331997 (In English)
Domingos, C., Peralta, M., Prazeres, P. et al. (2021) Session frequency matters in neurofeedback training of athletes. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, vol. 46, pp. 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-021-09505-3 (In English)
Korolev, A. D., Petrova, V. V., Shandala, A. M. et al. (2017) Use biofeedback technology in sports psychology (literature review). Medical science and education of Ural, vol. 18, no. 3 (91), pp. 69–76. (In Russian)
Lunina, N. V., Koryagina, Yu. V., Nopina, V. S. et al. (2024) The influence of neurofeedback on the β-rhythm of the brain on the characteristics of attention in athletes with different training orientations. Problems of Balneology, Physiotherapy and Exercise Therapy, vol. 101, no. 6-2, pp. 20–25. https://doi.org/10.17116/kurort202410106220 (In Russian)
Mirifar, A., Beckmann, J., Ehrlenspiel, F. (2017) Neurofeedback as supplementary training for optimizing athletes’ performance: A systematic review with implications for future research. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol. 75, pp. 419–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.005 (In English)
Mitin, I. N., Razumets, E. I., Sereda, A. P. et al. (2018) Development of self-regulation skills among athletes of Russian national teams using BFB technologies. Guidelines. Moscow: The Federal Medical-Biological Agency Publ., 65 p. (In Russian)
Moiseenko, V. A. (2020) Application of BFB in sports. Voprosy ustojchivogo razvitiya obshchestva, no. 9, pp. 507–511. https://doi.org/10.34755/IROK.2020.40.84.071 (In Russian)
Morozov, O. S. (2024) Development of self-regulation skills in highly qualified athletes. Scientific notes of P. F. Lesgaft University, no. 7 (233), pp. 134–139. (In Russian)
Proietti, G., Borozan, M., Chaigneau, A. et al. (2024) Self-regulation training improves stress resilience in elite pre-pubescent female gymnasts. Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, article 1341437. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1341437 (In English)
Rydzik, Ł, Wąsacz, W, Ambroży, T. et al. (2023) The use of neurofeedback in sports training: Systematic review. Brain Sciences, vol. 13, no. 4, article 660. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13040660 (In English)
Sentyabrev, N. N., Ushakova, I. A., Kamchatnikov, A. G., Yakovlev, A. S. (2025) Metodicheskie aspekty ispol’zovaniya efirnykh masel v podgotovke yunykh sportsmenov [Methodological aspects of using essential oils in training young athletes]. Fizicheskaya kul’tura, sport — nauka i praktika, no 1, pp. 101–105. https://doi.org/10.53742/1999-6799/1_2025_101-105 (In Russian)
Shlyk, N. I. (2022) Heart rate variability and methods for its determination in athletes in the training process. Izhevsk: Udmurt State University Publ., 80 p. (In Russian)
Shlyk, N. I., Zufarova, E. I. (2013) Qualifying standards of heart rate variability for 16–21 years old testees with different prevalent types of autonomic regulation of heart. Bulletin of Udmurt university. Series Biology. Earth Science, no. 4, pp. 96–105. (In Russian)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nikolay N. Sentyabrev, Irina V. Fedotova, Sergey A. Parastaev, Igor N. Mitin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The work is provided under the terms of the Public Offer and of Creative Commons public license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
This license permits an unlimited number of users to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and to remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use.
This license retains copyright for the authors but allows others to freely distribute, use, and adapt the work, on the mandatory condition that appropriate credit is given. Users must provide a correct link to the original publication in our journal, cite the authors' names, and indicate if any changes were made.
Copyright remains with the authors. The CC BY 4.0 license does not transfer rights to third parties but rather grants users prior permission for use, provided the attribution condition is met. Any use of the work will be governed by the terms of this license.
