The role of the central parts of the amygdala in regulating rat hemodynamics under stress
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2021-2-4-455-462Keywords:
amygdala, central nucleus of the amygdala, cardiovascular system, amygdalectomy, rats, stress responseAbstract
Stress has an adverse effect on health and is a risk factor for the development of many diseases. Modern neurobiological studies show that amygdala structures are hyperactivated under stressful conditions, making it clear that they play a role in the stress syndrome. However, the nature and mechanism of the connection between amygdala and stress are still unclear. We have studied the influence of the amygdala on the cardiovascular system of rats under chronic stress, which in the future may be useful for identifying the role of the amygdala complex in the implementation of stress reactions in rats. The work was carried out on mature female rats divided equally into the experimental and control groups. First, the animals underwent a central amygdalectomy under intraperitoneal nembutal anaesthesia. In the experimental group of rats, the structure under study was destroyed by the electrolytic method, the control group underwent a false “destruction” of the amygdala. Second, the animals were allowed a recovery period of seven days. Then, both groups were subjected to chronic mild stress for two weeks. After that, we measured the hemodynamic parameters of their cardiovascular systems and analysed their blood tests. The results obtained during our experiment show that the destruction of the central nucleus of the amygdala complex leads to changes in hemodynamic parameters of the cardiovascular system.
References
Belyakov, V. I., Inyushkina, E. M. (2008) Laboratornye krysy: soderzhanie, razvedenie, kormlenie i ispol’zovanie v biomeditsinskikh issledovaniyakh: uchebnoe posobie [Laboratory rats: Maintenance, breeding, feeding and use in biomedical research: training manual]. Samara: Samara State University Publ., 40 p. (In Russian)
Buresh, Ya., Bureshova, O., Houston, D. P. (1991) Metodiki i osnovnye eksperimenty po izucheniyu mozga i povedeniya [Methods and basic experiments on the study of the brain and behavior]. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola Publ., 399 p. (In Russian)
Carter, R. N. Pinnock, S. B., Herbert, J. (2004) Does the amygdala modulate adaptation to repeated stress? Neuroscience, vol. 126, no. 1, pp. 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.01.018 (In English)
CODA Monitor. User’s Guide. (2021) [Online]. Available at: https://www.kentscientific.com/Customer-Content/www/products/Files/CODA_Monitor_Users_Guide_May_2021.pdf (accessed 02.10.2021). (In English)
Folkow, B., Hallback-Nordlander, M., Martner, J., Nordborg, C. (1982) Influence of amygdala lesions on cardiovascular responses to altering stimuli on behaviour and on blood pressure development in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, vol. 116, no. 2, pp. 133–139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1982. tb07121.x (In English)
Hölzel, B. K., Carmody, J., Evans, K. C. et al. (2010) Stress reduction correlates with structural changes in the amygdale. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsp034 (In English)
Kapp, B. S., Frysinger, R. C., Gallagher, M., Haselton, J. R. (1979) Amygdala central nucleus lesions: Effects on heart rate conditioning in the rabbit. Physiology and Behavior, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 1109–1117. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(79)90304-4 (In English)
Liu, W-Z., Zhang, W-H., Zheng, Z-H. et al. (2020) Identification of a prefrontal cortex-to-amygdala pathway for chronic stress-induced anxiety. Nature Communications, vol. 11, no. 1, article 2221. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15920-7 (In English)
Paxinos, G., Watson, C. (1998) The rat brain in stereotaxis coordinates. San Diego: Academic Press, 237 p. (In English)
Sanders, B. J., Wirtz-Nole, C., DeFord, S. M., Erling, B. F. (1994) Central amygdaloid lesions attenuate cardiovascular responses to acute stress in rats with borderline hypertension. Physiology and Behavior, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 709–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(94)90231-3 (In English)
Selye H. (1960) Ocherki ob adaptatsionnom sindrome [The story of the adaptation syndrome]. Moscow: Medgiz Publ., 254 p. (In Russian)
Voronin, E. S., Kovalev, S. P., Snoz, G. V (2014) Praktikum po klinicheskoj diagnostike s rentgenologiej: uchebnoe posobie [Practicum on clinical diagnostics with radiology: Training manual]. Moscow: Infra-M Publ., 336 p. (In Russian)
Wei, J., Zhong, P., Qin, L. et al. (2018) Chemicogenetic restoration of the prefrontal cortex to amygdala pathway ameliorates stress-induced deficits. Cerebral Cortex, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1980–1990. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhx104 (In English)
Willner, P. (1997) Validity, reliability and utility of the chronic mild stress model of depression: A 10-year review and evaluation. Psychopharmacology, vol. 134, no. 4, pp. 319–329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002130050456 (In English)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ekaterina I. Bakulina, Anastasia D. Yudanova, Irina D. Romanova, Alexey N. Inyushkin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The work is provided under the terms of the Public Offer and of Creative Commons public license Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0). This license allows an unlimited number of persons to reproduce and share the Licensed Material in all media and formats. Any use of the Licensed Material shall contain an identification of its Creator(s) and must be for non-commercial purposes only.
