Comparative analysis of various modes of preconditioning to increase high altitude tolerance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2022-3-3-348-358Keywords:
glucocorticoids, high altitude, hypobaric hypoxia, hypoxic tolerance, preconditioning, Wistar ratsAbstract
Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) represents an effective tool to increase high altitude tolerance but requires rather severe conditions of hypoxic interventions. We aim to investigate the possibility to reduce the intensity of the HPC factor without losing its effectiveness. Adult male rats were divided as follows: one group was subjected to severe hypoxia (SH); other groups before SH were treated with: three trials of HPC at 5,000 m “altitude” for 2 hours daily (originally proven effective mode); HPC with three trials at 5,000 m “altitude” for 1 hour; HPC with three trials at 3,500 m for 2 hours; HPC with one trial at 5,000 m for 2 hours; HPC with one trial at 5,000 m “altitude” for 2 hours on the background of glucocorticoid administration. In addition, the effects of the non-hypoxic preconditioning with two injections of sodium valproate (a histone deacetylase inhibitor) were studied in a separate group. The survival rate of animals, neuronal loss, neurological status, and behavioral and hormonal reactions were assessed. It was found that all tested modes improved the survival of the rats and their neurological status to a varying degree, but only one trial of HPC in combination with glucocorticoid injection was comparable in efficacy with the original mode of preconditioning proposed by us earlier and produced no side effects. Based on the experimental findings, we suggest a new effective mode of HPC based on a single exposure to the altitude of 5,000 m combined with an injection of dexamethasone.
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