The role of TRPA1 ion channels in inflammatory bowel disease

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2022-3-4-420-431

Keywords:

TRP channels, TRPA1, TRPV1, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, inflammation

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders with complex etiology and pathogenesis. These diseases are marked by a wide range of symptoms, which almost always include inflammatory and pain syndromes. The role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels channels in gastrointestinal tract illnesses is becoming increasingly better understood. It is suggested that the activity of ankyrin (TRPA1) and vanilloid (TRPV1) ion channels, which are predominantly expressed on capsaicin-sensitive neurons, potentially plays a role in the development of hyperalgesia and neurogenic inflammation. The polymodal nociceptors TRPV1 and TRPA1 are crucial for normal functioning of the gut and its defense mechanisms. The TRPA1 receptor is expressed by immune cells, intestinal epithelial cells involved in inflammatory reactions, and internal sensory neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the colon. It has been shown that the TRPA1 receptor is activated by a range of endogenous pro-inflammatory molecules. Thus, this receptor is a crucial regulatory structure in inflammation and both acute and chronic pain. However, the contribution of TRPA1 receptors to visceral hypersensitivity and their function in neuroimmune interactions in IBD remains unclear at the moment. This review aims to raise awareness about this issue.

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Published

2022-12-30

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Reviews