The interaction between nervous and secretory functions in the integrative activity of the neurosecretory Retzius cell of the leech
A review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2020-1-3-212-217Keywords:
neurosecretory Retzius cell of leeches, somatic exocytosis, impulse activityAbstract
Based on the literature review and our own experimental data, it is shown how the two most important functions of the Retzius neuron (RN) of the medical leech — secretory and electrical — are related to each other. During low-frequency activation, RN behaves like a typical nerve cell, releasing serotonin from the presynaptic endings. During high-frequency stimulation, RN demonstrates properties a secretory cell, releasing serotonin by somatic exocytosis. The mechanism of autoinhibition (secretory function), revealed during highfrequency synaptic stimulation of RN, allows to prevent hyperactivation of its impulse activity (nervous function), which, in turn, through autoregulation inhibits hyperactivation of somatic exocytosis (secretory function). These data demonstrate that RN is a unique neurosecretory cell with polyfunctional activity.
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