Romberg test on a stabilometric platform
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33910/2687-1270-2025-6-3-252-267Keywords:
Romberg test, postural control, ground reaction forces, stabilometric platform, stabilograph, force platform, human upright posture, motor controlAbstract
This review systematically examines key aspects of the Romberg test as performed on a stabilometric (force) platform. It highlights the advantages of the instrumented version over the classical, non-instrumented bedside Romberg test. The section on methodological evolution analyzes how pre-existing technical solutions and conceptual frameworks — particularly those stemming from the French posturological school — have shaped testing protocols, including perspectives on optimal platform geometry and test duration. The subsequent section critically addresses the limitations of the classical Romberg test, noting its low specificity in vestibular disorders, strong age dependence, and limited utility as a screening tool, as substantiated by contemporary clinical evidence. In contrast, the stabilometric Romberg test offers objective, quantifiable assessment of postural control, enabling the detection of subtle impairments in upright stance regulation that are not discernible through standard clinical observation. The neurophysiological section contextualizes the applied relevance of the Romberg test by summarizing the mechanisms of multisensory integration and hierarchical postural control. This encompasses both automatic (brainstem and spinal) and cognitive components, and describes their disruption in pathological conditions such as Parkinson’s disease. The section on quantitative evaluation outlines principles for utilizing test outcomes, including calculation and interpretation of the Romberg ratio (or coefficient), its clinical significance, and inherent limitations regarding reliability and individual variability. The concluding section focuses on standardization challenges and the development of normative reference data. It emphasizes the necessity of stratifying data by age and sex, accounting for participants’ physical fitness or activity levels, and implementing unified testing protocols to ensure comparability and clinical validity of stabilometric findings.
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